When you are in trouble to survive, the first thing you need to consider one of the problems is how to get in touch with Allies.
If it is in the case of escape, how to avoid the enemy must also be taken into account.
Normally, contact is to give and receive information, as a survival, send a message, you must use some way the way to be able to make the rescue team easy to receive.
Ready to signal
Choose what kind of signal, and has much to do with the environment.
Remember: in the air, the pilot may be difficult to find a person or a small group of people, especially in the line of sight is blocked.
So you have to do all we can to use every possible way to attract the attention of the pilot, to make him no matter how high to fly, fly how fast you can see.
But be careful way of signaling, in some cases, the pilot will mistake you flash signal as an enemy ground fire.
Here are some way of signaling: artificial geometry, in uninhabited areas can be used as a straight line, circle, triangle, X pattern;
A pile of fire or flash.
Big and bright and slow moving objects;
Big signaling device;
Or the use of contrast, color comparison or contrast.
No matter what are you going to use signal device or technology, you need to know how to use, and can in a short time signal.
If possible, try to avoid that may make you into a dangerous signal.
Remember: to ally signal may cause the enemy to find your whereabouts.
Before signaling, carefully weighing you are friendly and the possibility of rescue was captured by the enemy.
Radio may be making others aware of where you are as well as other information the most reliable and efficient way.
So be familiar with your army radio, learning how to operate them and how to send and receive messages.
In the following paragraphs, there will be other signaling technology, equipment, goods, etc., to learn how to use them.
Thinking about how to use in different environments or adjust the different way.
Practice before using these signals technology, equipment and materials.
Signal method
There are several different methods of signal, but by what way depends on your situation and your available material.
The fire.
In the darkness, and the fire is the most effective means of signal.
Three fire to make it into a triangle trapped signal (international), or arranged in a straight line, the distance between each fire about 25 yards (23 meters).
As long as the time and the situation allows, fire up the fire as soon as possible, careful care not to make them go out, until you need them.
If you are alone, keep three fire burning can be a little difficult, then protect a fire.
Raw signal fire, want to consider your location, for example, if you are in the jungle, so find a clearing of natural or fire at the edge of the brook, lest the fire was blocked by bush leaves.
If there is no natural space, then you need to clean up a clearing.
If it is in the snow, you may need to clean up the snow on the ground or build a platform for the fire, so fire will not be melted snow water quench.
Burning tree is also a means to attract attention.
Containing resin trees even not dry can.
For other types of trees, you can put some on lower branches withered wood, dry wood, so the fire burned up, will ignite the whole tree.
In front of the tree did not burn down, cut some not withered trees added to the fire, can produce more smoke.
Must choose is far away from other trees of the tree, in order to avoid forest fire, threaten their safety.
The smoke.
Can attract attention with smoke during the day.
International general trapped signal is three column of smoke.
You should try to make the color of smoke and the surrounding background color difference: if the background is light color, so the use of black smoke, and vice versa.
If you’re to fire some of green leaves, moss, or sprinkle a little water, then the smoke will be white;
If the fire some rubber and cloth soaked in oil, the smoke will be black.
Smoke in the desert, unable to rise, is always hovering on the ground, but in the open desert, the pilot or can see.
Do with smoke signal usually is only applicable to relatively sunny day, wind, rain, snow will scatter smoke, reduce the possibility of you was found.
Smoke grenades.
If you have a smoke grenade, you can use them, mode and the use of fire.
Must keep dry and hand grenades, make sure you need to use when they are effective, pay attention to when using do not lit around the plants.
M186 flare up.
Pilot jackets have the survival in the device, including a gun, with green nylon on the gun
Rope tied with a bullet.
The voice of the launch, pencil bullets like the sound of a pistol.
Bullets range up to 500 feet (152 meters) tall, air range of diameter of about 10 feet (3 m).
To make the bullet in the standby state, it can be removed from the packaging, its part of the screwing in pistol, pistol trigger in the firing position, then hanging from a rope or chain around the neck ready, once rescue aircraft appears immediately launch, and ready for the second launch.
Also need to be prepared for a hidden at the same time, in case of the pilot took flares for a enemy fire.
Star pyrotechnics.
The danger of international general color is red, so, if possible, use red pyrotechnics, but any color can make the location of the rescuers can find you.
Stellate pyrotechnics range of 200 to 215 meters high, sustainable combustion 6 to 10 seconds, falling speed is 14 meters per second.
Star shaped umbrella flares.
The flare range of 200 to 215 meters high, falling speed is 2.1 meters per second.
M126 type (red) can burn about 50 seconds, M127 type (white) can burn about 25 seconds.
At night, these flares visual range of 30 to 35 miles (48 ~ 56 km).
Mirror or flash content.
On a clear day, the mirror is the best signal device.
If there is no mirror, can finish your water bottle, belt buckle, or other similar objects, can reflect the sun’s light.
Glance will be concentrated in one place, to avoid the enemy’s line of sight.
Now is practice using a mirror or flash content to send signals, don’t wait to need to use to practice.
If you have the MK – type 3 signal mirror, follow the instructions on the back of the operation.
Will signal a mirror with a rope or chain hanging around his neck, ready to use.
But must will be reflective side with your body, so as not to glance it was found by the enemy.
Warning: don’t too fast speed when the signal with the mirror, because the pilot might mistake signal as an enemy fire.
Sunlight directly into the aircraft cabin also cannot too long, not more than a few seconds, because it is likely to be dazzled the pilot.
Haze, fog is likely to make the pilot it is difficult to see a flash signals, therefore, if possible, to the highest place around signals, if can’t see the plane, then in the direction of the plane sound signals.
Note: in most environments, the mirror reflection signals under normal circumstances, 70 miles (113 km) can see.
If in the desert, 100 miles (160 km) away can see.
A flashlight or flash.
At night you can use a flashlight or flash to sending an SOS signal.
When using stroboscopic flash, be careful not to let the pilot mistaken for hit shots.
Stroboscopic flash flash 60 times a minute.
Some have infrared cover and lens strobe light flashed.
V – 17 signal cloth plate.
During the day when you can use the cloth plate VS – 17 signal signal.
The orange side up, because in the air, orange than violet is more likely to be seen.
It will be easier to keep the pilot found shake cloth plate.
Clothes.
Put clothes on the floor or on the top of the tree is a method of signal.
Choose which items, and the surrounding color contrast to them in large geometric pattern, so they are more likely to attract attention.
The natural material.
If there is no other way, you can also use the natural material to form a symbol or information can be seen from the air.
You can pile of some cast shadows mound, or you can use any type of shrubs, such as leaves, rocks or blocks of snow.
In areas covered by snow, and through the snow can be heavy on tread out some letters or symbols, some contrast material, such as branches, in a letter or symbol.
In the sand, gravel, plants, or seaweed to form a pattern.
In scrub areas, according to want to design cut shrubs, or burns to the ground.
In the tundra region, digging ditches or put grass turn it over.
No matter in what area, with a contrast material to decorate a symbol, such ability for the crew of the plane to see.
The water stain.
Military aircraft if water was assigned to a nearby place to perform a task, or to carry out tasks, water will be equipped with one containing the water stain life saving box.
If you were in a water survival predicament, can use the water of the sea in the daytime stain to identify their own position.
Dyeing area within three hours will be very obvious, unless in the choppy sea, so the stain can only be used in friendly area.
Will stain parcels until needed
When used to open it.
Only when you hear or see the plane to use again.
Stain can also be used in the snow, and with it will help the code letters dyeing is also very effective.
Code or signal
Now you know how to let others know where you are, you also need to know how to provide them with more information.
Write a letter of competing other information easier, so you need to learn the following codes and symbols, and symbols all pilots know these code.
Morse code.
You can use the light or flags send SOS signals – three points, three dashes, three dots.
This is the international general radio code.
Continue to issue the signal.
Using a semaphore, put on the left side of the body flag on behalf of the dash, the representative points on your right side.
Ground-to-air emergency code.
The code is actually five specific, meaningful symbols.
Body signals.
If the plane is near you, the pilot can clearly see you, you can use the body movement or posture to convey information.
Cloth plate.
If you have a v – 17 cloth plate or other suitable alternatives, can use these symbols to send a signal.
The response
Fixed wing aircraft pilots will through the movement of the aircraft or use flash light to show that he had seen you, once the pilot response has been received and understand your first signal, to immediately ready to decorate other signals.
